An Invitation For Breast Cancer Screening - 923 Words

ssay plan Introduction - it is a question why some women refuse to accept an invitation for breast cancer screening Body Global incidence - cancer as a second most common type of cancer -high rate of breast cancer in high income countries Breast compression - why is necessary, mammography process explanation Risk factors – age - cancer increases with age and why -genetic factor-breast cancer in the family Advantages of breast cancer screening - effective method, non-invasive Conclusion Breast screening=early detection= early treatment=advantage Nevertheless, the screening appears to be safe, effective and non-invasive way of breast examining. The radiation dose is reduced due to breast compression and x-ray picture is obtained at lower energies. The important fact is that mammography does not treat the breast cancer but detect the potential changes in breast tissue and is able to point out places where it cou ‘Mammography is nothing to be afraid of ‘ Yes or No are the questions of many women when it comes to make a decision of going for breast cancer screening. A lot of women struggle in resolving such dilemma and many have a rather negative approach. Women often know very little about the benefits of breast cancer screening. It seems that the lack of informed choices can affect whether they will accept a screening invitation or not. Perhaps, the better understanding ofShow MoreRelatedPreventative Measures Report On Health Screening Programmes1146 Words   |  5 Pagesreport Health screening programmes Definition – Screening programmes are to detect early signs of cancer. Different health screening programmes You get loads of different screening programmes, I am going to go through 3 different health programmes, I will also go through the advantages and disadvantages of each on furthermore and most importantly I will describe the role of each programme Firstly I am going to be looking at: ïÆ'Ëœ The NHS Breast Screening Programme ïÆ'Ëœ The NHS Cervical Screening ProgrammeRead MoreThe National Health Service Breast Screening Programme1584 Words   |  7 Pages The National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) was started in 1987 as a result of a working group of Chief Medical Officers of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The report put forward recommendations, for screening women aged 50-70 for breast cancer, indicating that the best way to reduce mortality from the disease, is to detect it before symptoms develop. This is job of NHSBSP. (Forrest 1986) The age of women being called for screening has been extended to women agedRead MoreDiagnosis And Diagnosis Of Cancer1485 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The aim of screening a population for cancer is to make the diagnosis early and thereby increase the cure rate.† (Tobias and Hochhauser,. Cancer and its Management, 2010 p21) Cancer is a worldwide problem that attributed to 12% of total worldwide deaths in 2000 (Symonds et al. 2012). From such a statistic, one can conclude that the issue of cancer is one that needs addressing and that diagnosis and treatment services must be readily available if the mortality rate from cancer is to fall. In theRead MoreA Brief Note On Cervical Cancer And Breast Cancer1586 Words   |  7 Pagesal. (2013) agree that cervical cancer and breast cancer continue to be prevalent in Appalachian Kentucky as a result of personal behavioral choices of the residents which include alcohol consumption and sedentary lifestyle. Failure to afford health care makes it almost impossible for Appalachian women to undertake cancer screening. In rural Kentucky, it has been observed that there is a shortage of medical equipment to properly provide women with the much needed cancer care. This is not only discouragingRead MoreA Multi Disciplinary Team3097 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction In 2011 there have been 49,900 women and 350 men that have been diagnosed with breast cancer within the United Kingdom (Cancer Research UK 2014). Individuals who are undergoing investigation for suspected breast disease can be referred for breast care services with symptoms or are recalled from the breast screening programme. The National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) was introduced in 1988 which was due to the proposition of the Forrest Report that had been publishedRead MoreHealth Promotion. This Paper Will Discuss The Health Promotion1639 Words   |  7 PagesHealth Promotion This paper will discuss the health promotion role of learning disability nurse when supporting a person with a learning disability to access cancer screening programmes. Barriers to health inclusion will be discussed and how the nurse can assist in reducing these inequalities with the use of current legislation. The World Health Organisation (1986) defines health promotion as â€Å"a process of enabling people to have control over the determinants of their health in order to achieveRead MoreHealth Promotion Programme On Breast Cancer Screening Program1866 Words   |  8 Pagestheir health†. This paper deals with a health promotion programme on breast cancer screening. It also deals with the aims, goals, and objectives of this programme. The paper describes the health promotion programme in the contexts of The Treaty of Waitangi and The Ottawa charter for health promotion. Breast cancer screening programme: This is a health promotion programme developed in order to reduce the occurrence of breast cancer among women over the age of 45 to 69 through early diagnosis and treatmentRead MoreEssay about The Pros and Cons of Health Screening 2091 Words   |  9 PagesBenefits and Disbenefits of Health Screening and the Contribution of Psychology in Health Screening. Health screening, according to Durojaiye, (2009), is a systematic application of a test or inquiry to identify individuals at risk of a specific health problem. This enables further investigation or direct preventive action, among individuals who have not sought medical attention on account of their symptoms of that problem. The main aim of screening program therefore is to detect diseaseRead MoreFalse Positive Results in Health Screening Tests Essay2003 Words   |  9 Pagesin many screening tests Many health screening tests tend to produce false positive results, or find abnormalities that may not cause any harm at all to the patient. This can cause distress to patients and their families and lead to unnecessary treatment. For example, around 6-10% of mammogram results are false positives, meaning the images show what appear to be tumors but are actually cysts or harmless tissues. This estimate may be higher in younger women, as young women have denser breast tissuesRead MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 Pagesliving in the vicinity of the factory are exposed to toxic chemicals that continue to leach from tonnes of waste lying within the UCIL premises causing groundwater and soil contamination. As a result a whole new generation continues to get sick, from cancer and birth defects to everyday impacts o aches and pains, f rashes, fevers, eruptions of boils, headaches, nausea, lack of appetite, dizziness, and constant exhaustion. During the last four years survivors’ organizations have renewed their campaign

The Achievement Of The National Association For The...

As a result of Addams hard work and reputation, she was then drawn into a larger field of responsibility. She was one of the first members of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). She was appointed to Chicago’s Board of Education, and in 1909 she became the first woman president of the National Conference of Charities and Corrections. â€Å"In 1911, she was elected vice president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association.† Years later, in 1915, she accepted the chairmanship of the Women’s Peace Party. Addams also served as president of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom until 1929. These advancements in her career led her to be very admired by her peers but also led to disapproval of her thoughts. When Addams began making speeches against World War I, she was no longer invited to speak to groups. â€Å"In 1931 Addams became the second woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. This i mportant award honored her work for peace. She received a peace medal and $16,480†¦ She gave the money to the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom.† National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) opposed the Fifteenth Amendment, while the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) supported the new law. Stanton and Anthony founded the NWSA first. Article 2 of the Constitution of the organization states, â€Å"The object of this Association shall be to secure STATE and NATIONAL protection for women citizens in the exercise ofShow MoreRelatedNational Association For The Advancement Of Colored People1233 Words   |  5 Pagesforced them to live these lives of hell. It wasn’t until the development of the NAACP came around, that they began to see equal treatment. The NAACP is an organization created and developed for the advancement of African Americans. NAACP is an acronym for National Association for the advancement of Colored People. The NAACP w ebsite discusses the development and purpose of the NAACP. The NAACP was founded by a group of African Americans who were fed up with the injustices towards blacks. It was foundedRead MoreThe National Association For The Advancement Of Colored People1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) states its mission as: â€Å"The NAACP insures the political, educational, social and economic equality of minority groups and citizens; achieves equality of rights and eliminates race prejudice among the citizens of the United States; removes all barriers of racial discrimination through the democratic processes; seeks to enact and enforce federal, state, and local laws securing civil rights; informs the public of the adverse effectsRead MoreSurge Of Identity Through The Tobacco Industry Essay1179 Words   |  5 Pagesthe age of the hippies, bell bottoms, long free hair, rock n’ roll and love. Though, what people do not bluntly add ress is the lack of representation among the African American society. Fear harnessed the 1960’s with the Cuban Missile Crisis, Vietnam War, and the assassinations of both John F Kennedy and Martin Luther King. In a way for the people to cope with the fear and anger of what was going on, people smoked. Tobacco companies profited from this largely. A large portion of their revenue cameRead MoreAccording to Kingdon, agenda setting examines how and why certain ideas become the chosen policy800 Words   |  4 Pageseducated and well trained human resources (McGuire, 2008). However, the ESEA failed to address this issue and SAT scores were on a continuous decline (McGuire, 2008). To address this issue T.H. Bell who was the Secretary of Education, created the National Commission on Excellence in Education (NCEE) (McGuire, 2008). According to Kingdon’s model, NCEE would be one of the players responsible for addressing issues of agenda setting that lead to the creation of the NCLBA and the agency that presentedRead MoreRosa Parks and Her Courage1341 Words   |  6 Pagesstate-sanctioned discrimination, drawing national and international attention to African Americans’ rights (Foner and Garraty). Many leaders from within the African American community and beyond rose to prominence during the Civil Rights era, including Martin Luther King, Jr., Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, Andrew Goodman and others. They risked—and sometimes lost—their lives in the name of freedom and equality (National Archive). The most important achievements of African-American Civil Rights MovementRead MoreTaking a Look at Special Education879 Words   |  4 Pagesrevie ws which have found special education services contribute more to the academic achievement of students with learning disabilities and emotional disorders than general education classrooms (citations from Fuchs). Although the overrepresentation (and underrepresentation) of certain minority populations is an ongoing concern for the field of special education, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) have long supported special education initiatives as long as the identificationRead MoreInstitutions Project1702 Words   |  7 Pagesroles that have limited opportunities. Their congregation includes African Americans, the Asian Americans, the Latinas and others. There case has been made even worse by the fact that being a weaker sex that is subject to oppression from their male colored partners, they are also of color and therefore placing them at the extreme end of oppression. These aspects are more evident in the workplaces, school settings, prisons, fami lies, and others (Zinn and Dill 57). Some studies conducted on this particularRead MoreOprah Winfrey s Influence On Law Enforcement And Schools Across The Country Essay1539 Words   |  7 Pageswhether you did it or not.† – Oprah Winfrey. Being born into an abusive family to a teen mother may hold some people from becoming successful, but not Oprah Winfrey. Winfrey uses her rocky past to motivate her to help others, and provide victims of sexual abuse with a safe haven. Winfrey has made an impact on America. The former pageant queen and talk show host helped establish the National Sex Offender Registry which made an impact on law enforcement and schools across the country. Winfrey also changedRead More Marcus Garvey and W.E.B. Du Bois Impact the Fight for Racial Equality1050 Words   |  5 Pageshis educational program in Jamaica, but would soon become much more. Because of conditions at the time, the American Negro World took a great liking to him and his ideas of ra ce redemption. Garvey’s organization, the Universal Negro Improvement Association, which was already established, was now the focal point for blacks in America to gather around. Garvey would later come up with his idea of starting an African Nation that would be the center for all black activity throughout the world. ThisRead MoreProgressivism Between The Ideals Of Social Justice And The Urge For Social Control1130 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween the ideals of social justice and the urge for social control. What concrete achievements are associated with each wing of the movement? What were the driving forces behind them? Progressives not only focused on improving quality of life for its citizens, but also on controlling certain aspects of the legal system. For instance, educated middle class women fought for better recognitions of women’s achievement, and they focused on improving health, education, ending child labor, and fixing working

Should Legalization Of Recreational Drugs Be A Great Nation

If you have an internal body problem or illness, would you rather fix that first or fight your external battles? Likewise, the US is claiming its superiority, as a big brother, across the world by fighting its external wars. However, what needs to be fixed first, is the long lasting internal war within. External wars need lots of money, manpower, weapons, etc., just to achieve a lifelong of enmity at the cost of civilization. Innocent people are always the major sufferers in any war. Now is the time, that we start fighting our internal war, then raging externally. Increase in jobs, hike in minimum wages, distribution of wealth, halting the disappearance of the middle class, better foreign policies, reduction in illegal immigration, realistic and affordable healthcare policies, decrease in prisons and prisoners, legalization and decriminalization of recreational drugs are some of the core issues the US needs to strengthen to become a great nation. There is an utmost need to legal ize and decriminalize recreational drug use in the US, now more than ever. The government no longer needs to intervene upon the personal rights and freedoms of adults. One should have control over the choices of his/her own life. Rather than criminalizing drug addicts they should be given a choice to rehabilitate, as it is a medical illness. No doubt, recreational drug usage has its own plights. A single â€Å"hit† can cause a lifelong addiction, side effects and demise of the person using it. ItShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesLegalization of Weed Growing up, everyone is told that, â€Å"Drugs are bad for you,† time and time again. Now as a kid you don’t really understand the reasoning behind it, but you listen to your authority figure regardless. I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But as I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though it’s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against the law and jeopardize their life just to use drugs? The drug thatRead MoreLegalizing Marijuana For Open Recreational Use1261 Words   |  6 Pagesregarding whether the time has arrived to legalize the possession, distribution, and use of marijuana for medicinal and/or recreational use. While hotly debated on both sides, one of the more ironic factors regarding the issue of legalization is that it was found to be perhaps the most logically and fairly debated topics of the state’s recent mid-term elections. The facts of legalization are bec oming more black and white and less about morality, which may be a testament to why 24 U.S. states and the DistrictRead MoreMarijuana Should Not Be Beneficial For Medical Purposes1080 Words   |  5 Pagesmoney. Contrarily, marijuana should not be legalized for recreational usage. Extensive studies have globally communicated that utilizing marijuana for recreational purposes have fostered addiction to more powerful drugs. Recreational usage of marijuana has also contributed to adverse health effects. Moreover, recreational usage of this drug is still unacceptable in professional and social environments. Should marijuana be made lawful for medicinal and/or recreational purposes? Marijuana is sociallyRead MoreThe Topic Of Legalizing Marijuana For Recreational Use1276 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic of legalizing marijuana for recreational use has long been a controversial topic. Back in 1996, California became first state to legalize medical cannabis, lighting a fuse across the nation. Fast forward to the year 2012 and thus began states legalizing marijuana for recreational purposes. Those states were Colorado and Washington. Following those states was the announcement of Alaska voting to legalizing weed for recreational us in 2014. After them came Oregon and Washington D.C. in 2015Read MoreEffects Of Marijuana On The Body1139 Words   |  5 Pagesloss of coordination. As a person uses the drug they begin to become slower and slower when an instantaneous reaction is required. For example, using marijuana can make it difficult for a person to simply catch a ball in the sport of baseball even if before using marijuana that same person did not have difficulty w ith this task. (â€Å"Marijuana†) The main ingredient in marijuana that has a negative effect on the body, specifically the brain, is THC. When the drug is inhaled it begins affecting the brainRead MoreMarijuana Should Be Legalized Essay1130 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen discovered that this plant may be used to cure diseases and improve a country economy. Thus, the American opinion is split on the question of â€Å"Marijuana Legalization†. In fact, a survey undertaken by CNN/ORC International Poll states that 55 % of Americans believe that the use of marijuana should be legal, while only 44 % think it should be illegal (CNN). I also share the American majority opinion since there is some evidence that marijuana yields positive results. The use, saleRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana Effects1569 Words   |  7 PagesLegalization of Marijuana Effects Growing up, everybody is informed that, Drugs are terrible for you, time and time again. Now as a child you don t generally comprehend the thinking behind it, however you listen to your power figure regardless. I was told this my whole life and even to this very day. However, as I got more prepared I comprehended that people would regardless utilize calms notwithstanding the way that it s illicit. I could never appreciate why someone would struggle withRead MoreThe Death Of The United States Essay1332 Words   |  6 PagesWhy would the residents of the United States vote to allow a killer to legally roam the streets? Why would the people of this great nation allow another poison to be offered to the general public? The past of the U.S. has not served it well in deciding the fate of the future of its generations. There are already two killers running rampant on the streets of this great nation. Tobacco and alcohol kill millions of people each year. They destroy the lives of famil ies by spreading cancer, alcoholism, liverRead MoreThe Global Tradition Of Strict Prohibition Against Cannabis956 Words   |  4 Pagescannabis in his nation. Similarly, in the US twenty states and the District of Columbia allow varying categories of cannabis usage. This trend has been met with resistance globally. Representatives from the UN in recent years have expressed doubts that these actions of legalization are compatible with existing international law. This is highlighted by Uruguay’s 2013 national legalization for recreational cannabis cultivation and usage. Yet Uruguay - like many other nations - is a ratifiedRead MoreLegalization Of Marijuana For Recreational Use1071 Words   |  5 PagesAjin Jose Professor Sheila Gordon Drugs, Society Human Behavior 12 April 2017 Legalization of marijuana for recreational use in Canada The Federal Government promises to legalize marijuana in Canada. But it should be revised in accounting to those pot legalization strategies and results gained in other parts of the World. I do not agree with the fact that Marijuana should be legalised for recreational purposes in Canada because there are short term and long term effects which affect both the individual

The Social Convention Of Drinking Alcohol And The Party...

Sarah, an eighteen year old female, moves from a small town in the North of England to a big city in order to attend University. The city is renowned for its nightlife. She goes from living with her parents, who she has a very strong relationship with, to moving into University halls with five females who were all the same age. Her parents practice teetotalism and have since she was born. Sarah is anxious about joining student life as she has never been interested in the social convention of drinking alcohol and the party lifestyle that is associated with being a student. She instead enjoys other things such as reading, watching films and shopping. Sarah moves in on a Sunday afternoon after everyone else has moved in, her parents leave around 2pm. After this Sarah decides to sit in the communal area in hope of making friends with the girls she lives with. Upon meeting the flat mates it becomes evident that all five are enthusiastic about the ‘party lifestyle’ and a friendship is growing between them regarding this lifestyle that they all have in common. They all talk about going out that night, after they have finished moving in and settled. Sarah feels strongly against this idea. However the other girls start pressuring her, saying things such as â€Å"Come out just for a few†, â€Å"We won’t stay out long, just maybe ‘til 3 or 4am† and â€Å"Come on, don’t be boring†. Eventually at around 10pm, she finally agrees to go out with them despite the fact she hates drinking alcohol and has toShow MoreRelatedImpact of Prohibition in The Great Gatsby1678 Words   |  7 Pagesarou nd ten years. The nineteen-twenties will always be remembered in history because of the triumphal progress in many different areas. The twenties were a time of great change in America in many different areas. The changes were in the laws, the lifestyle of women especially and the moral values that they lived by. One of the major events that sculpted this era was prohibition. In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald explores the life of crime associated with prohibition causing the enormous transformationRead MoreThe Roaring 20 s Era Of Growth And Reform1309 Words   |  6 Pagesadvances in society and economy. New and different forms of dance, music, clothing, behavior, and lifestyle were developed nationwide. The Antebellum Period in the late 1700s increased rebellion, similar to the Roaring 20’s era of growth and reform. As this time period brought profound changes, conflict, cultural excitement, and experimentation, the population of America was experiencing an alter ation in social values. The American pride, similar to the pride we had when separating from the British, wasRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1861 Words   |  8 PagesHow has your understanding of the moral, social and/or political issues in The Great Gatsby been informed by an awareness of the context in which it was written? â€Å"Pleasure was the color of the time.† Harold Clurman s famous quote refers to the incredible excess and glamour of the 1920s, a reality The Great Gatsby explores to a great extent. Author F. Scott Fitzgerald s discussion of pertinent social and moral issues in the novel must be framed by a knowledge and awareness of the society in whichRead MoreRelationship Between Food, Sex And Gender Related? Essay2081 Words   |  9 PagesHow are food (including drink), sex and gender related? Introduction: According to McAllister (2006) food and drink â€Å"must be viewed as part of a broader social and cultural context† (p. 281) in order to understand the anthropological and sociological meanings of food and drink within society. This essay will apply an anthropological and sociological lens to explore the relationship between food, sex and gender. It utilises examples from anthropological and sociological literature to further explainRead MoreEssay about Alcoholism and Drug Addiction17765 Words   |  72 PagesAddiction may be conceptualized as crime without victim that is, addict himself is the victim who becomes a prey of its misuse. This devastating melody is eroding the roots of social, economic and cultural fiber of Indian Society and all across the globe. It gives rise to criminality and criminal behavior which eventually leads to social disorganization. Alcoholism and drug related offences being victimless crime, they fall in the category of public order crimes or consensual crimes. Seigal (2004) has definedRead MoreJazz : A From The Past1846 Words   |  8 Pagessparked a transformation in our nation that would forever alter the course of human history. Because of jazz’s popularity during this time period, the 1920s will forever be known as â€Å"The Jazz Age.† This was an age of moral rebellion, illegal activity, social and familial changes, and loud, cutting-edge music. It was said that jazz music â€Å"encouraged vice, sensuality, belligerence, and indiscipline† (Scruton 1). Additionally, jazz was described as â€Å"an influence for evil,† according to the 1921 Ladies’ HomeRead MoreSpain and Japan Wine Industry Factbook12631 Words   |  51 PagesCultural Intermediaries 4.6. Entering the Market 4.6.1. Investment Climate 4.6.2. Supply Market Condition 4.7. Labor Market 4.7.1. Working Condition s in Spain 4.7.2. Working Conditions in Japan 4.8. Political/governance System 4.8.1. Ruling Political Party and Ideology 4.8.2. Corruption 4.8.3. Legislation and Regulation 4.8.4. Trademarks and Patents 4.8.5. International Trade Agreements 4.9. Economic and Political Risks 4.9.1. Finanical Environment/Health 4.9.2. Attitudes towards Foreign Companies Read MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby2039 Words   |  9 Pagesremotely compatible with its surroundings. Gatsby’s incongruence with the society around him is illustrated by his aloof disposition at his parties and marked lack of social awareness. For instance, Gatsby invites an exhausted Carraway to a trip to Coney Island and a swim in his pool at two in the morning, exemplifying obliviousness to both the time and social convention. It is as if he has a predetermined string of dialogue for communicating with others, regardless of the situation. Consequently, inRead MoreConsumer Lifestyle in Singapore35714 Words   |  143 PagesCONSUMER LIFESTYLES IN SINGAPORE Euromonitor International December 2012 CONSUMER LIFESTYLES IN SINGAPORE Passport I LIST OF CONTENTS AND TABLES Consumer Habits in Context......................................................................................................... 1 Current Behaviour Within the Broader Economic Climate ........................................................ 1 Consumer Confidence ...................................................................................Read MoreWomen During the Gold Rush Essay example3111 Words   |  13 PagesWomen During the Gold Rush The Gold Rush was one of the most influential times in California History. During the four years from 1848-1852, 400,000 new people flooded into the state. People from many countries and social classes moved to California, and many of them settled in San Francisco. All this diversity in one place created a very interesting dynamic. California during the Gold Rush, was a place of colliding ideals. The 49ers came from a very structured kind of life to a place

The Importance of Educational Improvements in California...

The Importance of Educational Improvements in California Schools â€Å"The competitiveness of Americans in this global market is coming to depend †¦on the functions that Americans perform—the value they add—within the global economy.† United States citizens devote a significant portion of their incomes to educate future generations through the taxes they pay, and the resultant expenditures of federal, state, and local governments on education. As the epigraph of this essay suggests active participation in a competitive global economy will be required of future tax payers, if we (the people of California) desire to create an environment in our state in which individuals can continue to pursue personal, public, and economic growth.†¦show more content†¦Constitution forbids states to deny any person the equal protection of the law. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 also prohibits discrimination on the basis of students’ minority language status. The OCR memorandum of 25 May 1970 requires school districts to take affirmative steps to rectify language deficiencies in order to â€Å"open instructional programs to all students.† Furthermore, the Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974 requires districts to take â€Å"appropriate action† to educate English learners. In 1973 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Lau vs. Nichols that the San Francisco school system violated the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by â€Å"denying non-English speaking students of Chinese ancestry a meaningful opportunity to participate in the public educational program.† The decision stated measures must be taken to ensure that English is taught to students who do not speak English or have limited-English proficiency (LEP) in order to provide equal access to educational opportunities. In a unanimous ruling the court said, â€Å"The failure of the San Francisco school system to provide English language instruction to approximately 1,800 students of Chinese ancestry who do not speak English, or to provide them with other adequate instructional procedures, denies them a meaningful opportunity to participate in the public educational program, and thus violates  § 601 of the Civil R ights Act of 1964, which bans discriminationShow MoreRelatedStepping Up For Stem Education Act1597 Words   |  7 Pagesput emphasis on more educational technology research projects to improve school curriculums and introduce the younger generation to the 21st century workforce. This bill will provide equal access to all students, giving them access to the best digital resources to promote better learning experiences. Teachers will be trained specifically on effective ways to utilize new instructional strategies that will aid students of different background to achieve better grades in school. Through this programRead MoreImproving School Education System Essay1360 Words   |  6 Pagesthe privilege to be educated are those who climb up the success ladders later in life. For a certain majority of students in the States, our current educational system may not seem to serve its purpose. In this paper, I will explore two possible adjustments that could be made to improve our system to benefit our next generation. Academic improvement and class size reduction are the two adjustments that I will elaborate on. The world is constantly moving forward. Our societies are in search forRead MoreA Case Study Of No Child Left Behind1291 Words   |  6 Pages(NCLB) has placed enormous pressure on schools. This pressure required schools/school districts to evaluate and change the manner in which they conduct the business of education. Some of the areas that received heightened attention are; student achievement, teacher effectiveness and school accountability, all of which continue to be scrutinized. This scrutiny is not isolated to primarily one state or territory. In fact; the article Exiting Program Improvement (2014), backed this notion. The researchersRead MoreChild Development And Family Studies Essay1670 Words   |  7 PagesChild Development and Family Studies is a very important field of study. Being able to study how infants’ progress through maturity allows professionals to be able to make improvements that will enhance children’s growth throughout the years. Through exte nsive research Child Development and Family Studies professionals have been able to demonstrate how important a child’s surroundings are toward their development. Everything that children encounter in their lives, especially in the early years hasRead MoreEducation in Emergency: Role of the Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools Discretionary Grant Program656 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction Local Educational Agencies (LEAs) may apply to the Readiness and Emergency Management for Schools (REMS) discretionary grant program for funding to help strengthen the emergency management plans of their institutions. School districts that are awarded grant monies may address the four phases of emergency management recognized by best practice standards. These phases include Prevention-Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, and Recovery. As the state of California deals with depletedRead MoreCreating A Data Driven Decision Making School Essay1339 Words   |  6 PagesMaking School Tips that Work Tameka R. Crook Alabama A M University Author Note EDL 530: Data Driven Decision Making Correspondence concerning this paper should be addressed to Tameka Crook, Department of Educational Leadership, P.O Box 998 Normal, Alabama Contact: tcrook2@bulldogs.aamu.edu Abstract Collecting data has been a decades old practice of educators. The No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act prompted front-runners in education to ascertain the importance of dataRead MoreWhy Do Students Experiencing Homelessness?1205 Words   |  5 Pagesliaisons are responsible for advocating for students experiencing homelessness by actively searching for children to enroll, creating awareness about educational rights, and working with agencies that serve the homeless to promote educational stability and opportunity. (Wilkins, Mullins, Mahan, Canfield, 2016) As a result, there have been important improvements that have been seen in the MVA, these are considered residency requirements, record transfer delays, and having a lack of transportation. (WilkinsRead MoreTeaching And Learning : Education And The Quality Of Teaching1127 Words   |  5 Pageseducationists attempted to promote learning through developing a set of invaluable strategies in order to help the learners to improve their ed ucational level of achievement. By the 1970s, the importance of analysing the learning process in education was pervasive even in other fields. Therefore, scholars including psychologists had their forethoughts about improving the educational field. Thus, they posited that they should include the possibly-available styles and forms occurring during the learning processRead MoreAnalysis Of Arthur L. Costa1291 Words   |  6 PagesArthur L. Costa is a professor of education at California State University, Sacramento, and cofounder of the Institute for Intelligent Behavior in El Dorado Hills, California. He has served as a classroom teacher, a curriculum consultant, an assistant superintendent for instruction, and the director of educational programs for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. He has made presentations and conducted workshops in many states as well as Mexico, Central and South America, Canada,Read MoreThe Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standa rds1552 Words   |  7 Pageseducated workforce than ever before, and jobs in this new economy require more complex knowledge and skills than the jobs of the past. The California Department of Education and the California State Board of Education are pleased to present the California Career Technical Education Framework for California Public Schools, Grades Seven through Twelve. The California Career Technical Education Model Curriculum Standards, Grades Seven Through Twelve, adopted by the State Board of Education (SBE) in 2005

The Secret Sharer written by Joseph Conrad, center Essay Example For Students

The Secret Sharer written by Joseph Conrad, center Essay s around a character of a sea captain. Its title and opening paragraphs forecast a story of mystery, isolation, duality, darkness and silence. The novel proves true these predictions reveling thematic and image patterns directly proportional to them. The opening of the novel further reveals dialectics in the novel. The clash between the private and the public world or man versus society, in other words is the primary dialectic. The journey theme or the rite of passage theme also reveal themselves. We see a young and inexperienced captain grow and explore himself and the world around him, and in the process becoming a functional member of a society. The novella may be only fifty pages long but its words speak volumes. We will write a custom essay on The Secret Sharer written by Joseph Conrad, center specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The first indication of a course that a novel may take is its title. The three little words contained in the title give rise to many interpretations. An image generated by the title could be that of a gossip. Since a gossip is someone who tells peoples secrets, or in other words is a secret sharer if the word secret is taken for a noun, it is a possibility that this image might come to mind. Another image is that of a person who shares in secrecy, therefore becoming a secret sharer, if the word secret is taken for an adjective. This could be an image of a miser, who generally does not share his wealth, but does so only in secrecy. A secret sharer could also be an imaginary friend. It would be a person who is secretive, and you share your thoughts with them. A Biblical interpretation of the secret sharer could be that of the snake in the garden of Eden. Since the snake shares the ultimate secret of knowledge with Adam and Eve, it could be considered a secret sharer. !The connotations of the two main words in the title show a contradiction. A secret has a mysterious somewhat evil connotation, while a sharer has a benevolent and good connotation. This gives rise to a possibility of a good and evil dialectic. The denotation of secret is something kept private, sharing is, however, a public act. This brings to light the dialectic of the public versus the private world. The opening paragraphs bring to life the world of the work. The place where the characters move and have their being is a sail ship in this novel. The laws that define the character behavior are similar to the laws of a standard ship operation. There is a chain of command that must be respected. Also, there are rules and regulations to the liberties of the shipmates. This is evident in the greetings between the lower officers and the captain. Also, captains commands must be respected, as they were when he sent the night watchmen away. The laws of the ship do not permit violations. There is a great need for order for a ship to function. Therefor one can assume since the setting is a ship, that the laws will not permit violations. Later on, we find out of Laggetts predicament. There is punishment for breaking a law. Likewise, captain will face punishment if found to be harboring a criminal. Therefore laws do not permit violations. As for deity, there is little i!nfluence of God in the novel, so one is not able to judge if the laws permit the belief in God. There are definite links between cause and effect. Captains are obeyed. The effect of his first order is mistrust from the crew in his abilities. The world is both real and fictional. It is real in the fact there are no supernatural elements, but fictional in the fact that it came from the authors imagination. The world is highly structured due to the fact that it is a ship where there is a clear hierarchy and laws. Furthermore, the world is restricted to a place, but not time. Specific circumstances tie the world to the ship, but time plays no role in it. The archetypal elements found in the opening paragraphs and throughout the book reveal the hidden meanings and intentions of the author. The two small clumps of trees which symbolize generative and degenerative processes, growth, proliferation, consistence and immortality, mark the mouth of the river Meinam which in turn symbolizes the rebirth, the flowing of time into eternity and the transitional phases of the life cycle, present the work in miniature. Also, the mouth of a river is where the salt water meets the fresh water symbolizing the place where the consciousness and the unconsciousness meet. The two trees are an exponent of duality a recurrent theme in the novel. They also reflect the secret partnership to be formed between Leggatt and the captain. Furthermore, the green color of the trees symbolizes growth touching upon the theme of the rite of passage. The captain comes into the sea, an archetypal symbol of spiritual mystery and infinity, death and rebirt!h, timelessness a nd eternity, and the unconscious. This marks a beginning of a journey into the unknown for the captain. The sun shining overhead symbolized the law of nature, the creative energy, and the consciousness. The ship can therefore be seen as in a balance between unconsciousness and consciousness. The blue color of the sea symbolizes a positive side, truth and spiritual purity. The land that the captain left behind symbolizes the mother. Further more adding to the growth of the captain. .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 , .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .postImageUrl , .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 , .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94:hover , .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94:visited , .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94:active { border:0!important; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94:active , .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94 .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1430c6a2d4867a6dda2d35406057cc94:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Creative Writing EssayThe pattern of mysteriousness seen in the opening paragraphs of the novel continues to appear throughout it. From the first sentence a mysterious system of half submerged bamboo fence the theme is established. Even from the title one can assume a theme of secrecy which directly implies mysteriousness. Furthermore the crew does not know their captain, and the captain does not know his crew. This fact adds to the mystery, especially after the mysterious and strange order not to have a night watch given by the captain. In addition, the names of the ship and the captain are withheld establishing a sense of mystery. The meeting of Leggatt adds yet another mystery. Mysterious shades of night progress to mysterious communication established between the narrator and Leggatt who mysteriously emerged from the sea. Also, the captains action of hiding Leggatt brings more mystery to the crew. Likewise, Captain Archbold saw in the narrator, a mysterious similitude to the!young fellow he had distrusted and disliked from the first. The character of Leggatt is mysterious in itself. The reader is never fully understands the true nature of Leggatts actions. Also, the past lives of all characters in the novel are never mentioned or considered. Another theme clustered throughout the novel is isolation. Same as mystery, isolation is projected in the title and opening paragraphs. Isolation brings about a need for sharing. The first sentence abandoned forever by some nomad tribe of fisherman now gone to the other end of the ocean; for there was no sign of human habitation as far as the eye could reach, foreshadows the appearance of isolation and seclus ion. Further more, the narrator is a stranger to everyone on the ship. As the captain remarked, my strangeness, which had made me sleepless, had promoted that unconventional arrangement, as if I had expected in those solitary hours of the night to get on terms with the ship of which I knew nothing, manned by men of whom I knew very little more. This isolation is broken by the entrance of yet another stranger, Leggatt. Much like the captain he was also a stranger on his ship. Also, he spent many days locked up in isolation on his former ship, and two nights af!ter that swimming in isolation. Even with this arrival. The captain is still isolated from the crew. The feelings of isolation subside, however. Its a great satisfaction to have got somebody to understand. Thus, Leggatt was created to break the feeling of isolation for both the captain and himself. Starting in the opening paragraphs, the patterns of silence and calmness are projected in the novel. I saw the strait line of the flat shore joined to the stable sea instills in a reader a scene of calmness and order. She floated at the starting point of a long journey, very still in an immense stillness there was not a sound in her and around us nothing moved further adds to the effect. Further on in the novel the captain was met by the profound silence of the fore end of the ship. When the captain takes his stroll he notices all was still down there. Everything in the novel from solemnity of perfect solitude in atmosphere of the opening paragraphs, to the silent young man character of the second mate, to the stillness of air and water and silent play of summer lighting in nature reflect the world of the novel which is the solemn and silent ship. The captain and Leggatt must abide by these laws of the world, and in order to maintain this artificial !silence imposed upon them, they spoke is soft whispers audible only to each other. The duality theme also exists throughout the novel. However, duality serves a purpose as a factor in the tension and dialectic build up. From the start everything appears in pairs. The title of the novel contains two significant words, who are of equal length, start with the same letter and are nouns. Further more, the novel is composed of two books. Also, the opening paragraphs introduce us to the two trees. There are two officers on the deck waiting to welcome the captain to the ship. An officer remarks that he saw a second ship with the setting sun. The captain and Leggatt are two strangers on a ship. Moreover, there is an uncanny resemblance between the two. Also, there are two captains in the novel. The end is marked by a comment shes round by the two seamen. Duality throughout the novel serves to show the partnership between Leggatt and the captain. This partnership is formed between opposing characters. As the captain remarked the dual working of my m!ind distracted me almost to the point of insanity it was very much like being mad, only it was worse because one was aware of it. The tension formed by this dialectic must be resolved. In order to resolve this problem, the narrator needs to grow up and individuate, to learn how to deal with the opposing force that are tearing him apart. The captain realizes that the partnership has served its purpose and has to end everything was against us in our secret partnership. Thus when it is resolved both of them can seek a new destiny.The theme of darkness tied in with the shadow image clusters plays important role in the novel. As the novel opens the narrator is in a shadow of the sails of the ship. Also, the side of the ship made an opaque belt of shadow on the darkling glassy shimmer of the sea. When Captain meets Leggatt, he is glimmering white in the darkness. A shadowy, dark head, like mine, is used to describe Leggatt. Darkness and shadows are always present when the two are together. The often talk during t he night which is the epitome of darkness. Moreover, there is also an inner darkness which is associated with Leggatts soul. He has killed a man, and that will forever leave a black spot on his soul. The captain knows of Leggatts actions yet remains strangely detached. Shadows once again come to life at the end of the novel. The shadow of the land the very blackness of it describes the islands shadow on the ship. This instance is significant since the captain is with the cr!ew. .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 , .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .postImageUrl , .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 , .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925:hover , .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925:visited , .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925:active { border:0!important; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925:active , .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925 .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ueb68f073f2b2a1f1d56f3b334f5fd925:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: True love in Hamlet EssayIf one looks at possible Jungian considerations it becomes evident that it ties in the dialectic of private versus public as well as the rite of passage and journey theme, as well as the hero initiation archetype. In the opening paragraphs one finds many references to the journey home. She floated at the starting point of a long journey. Also there are some references to rebirth. The river is a symbol of rebirth, and if look on this way conception is two weeks ago when the captain got the post, and birth is coming onto a ship. Also, he is in a shadow when he comes on board alone, able to reflect on himself. However, when he comes in contact with th e crew he becomes a stranger, and puts up a facade in front of them. This sets up the dialectic between the public and the private world for the captain. He is unable to combine the two. His youth is evident in his inexperienced decisions. The following has to occur to resolve the dialectic. The captain has to grow up an!d explore himself to be able to deal with the two worlds. This also marks the first stage of the hero initiation, the separation from the crew. Through a Jungian point of view, the captain puts on a mask for the world demonstrating a dominant persona. Through individuation he has to explore the shadow of his personality to balance the two. Next comes the growth phase. When Leggatt comes on board the captain makes an instant connection with his double. Due to his rash behavior we learn of one can say that Leggatt has a strong shadow to his personality. Moreover, the captain cannot see Leggatts head at first adding to the fact that Leggatt is without reason. Through t heir conversations in the darkness of the night, the captain explores his soul. He transforms, grows, goes through individuation and moves along his journey, thus tying in the dialectic and the themes. The dual working of my mind distracted me almost to the point of insanity reveals that growth did no c!ome effortlessly to the narrator. The ending of the book brings an end to the dialectic, the journey, the rite of passage and hero initiation. At the end of the novel the captain is in the shadow with his crew signifying he is able to control both his private and the public world. Also, he makes good decisions and saves himself and the crew, showing significant growth as a leader. With these actions he rejoins the crew as a fully functional member thus ending the hero initiation. Also, the island marks the endpoint of their physical journey as well. Thus, everything comes to an end. The cosmic implications of the book are positive ones. The theme of positive growth and success are evident in the end of the novel. All of the dialectics are resolved in a good way. Also, all the thematic predictions are tied together and fulfilled. I believe I find an underlying Objective Correlative throughout the novel. All of us have been on the outside looking in sometimes. This is the situation of the captain at the start of his journey. At the end the captain succeeds in his quest, and the reader feels glad that the captain is able to fit in. The reader can relate to the captains plight, and therefore shares in the joy together with him. The Secret Sharer written by Joseph Conrad, is a short book that is very near perfection. In the opening paragraphs and the title there is not a word wasted. Each of those words serves to forecast the work in miniature. From the first couple of pages the reader is completely aware of the direction the story is going in. An attentive reader will also notice the themes of duality, darkness, mystery, isolation and silence. He will also notice the dialectics as well as many journey themes both physical and mental. If one play careful attention the book will open a world as one never saw before.

Development of Strategic Management & Leadership Skill-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Developing Strategic Management and Leadership Skills. Answer: Australian Hardware Workplace Policies Purpose of the policies Australian Hardware is a company that values the contribution of the staff, the importance of internal communication, cultural diversity and many more things that can improve the performance of the company by encouraging a healthy working environment and enhancing the interpersonal and professional skills of the employees. Hence, the company provides opportunities to the employees for improvement and growth. As the company is aiming for growth, below are the policies that would be helpful for the management of the Australian Hardware to promote growth and prosperity of the organization. Staff consultation policy The managers and the supervisors should consult with the employees on a daily basis to provide a scope for raising concerns about any issue. The managers should also respond to the concerns in a timely manner so that adequate actions can be taken. Individual as well as group consultation should be done on a regular basis to motivate the employees. Internal communication policy For a smooth and successful run of the company, the new and existing employees of Australian Hardware must follow the internal communication channels for any sort of communication with other employees and supervisors. Websites, forums, company emails, memo, newsletters, feedbacks, social media, and notices should be followed and used by all to share information (Karanges et al. 2015). Policy for cultural diversity in the workplace As the new and existing employees belong to different background, hence, everyone should be tolerant about cultural diversity and must maintain a healthy workplace environment and spread positivity (Bond and Haynes 2014). Cultural occasions for different cultures should be celebrated by all. Policy for continuous improvement The company has rewards and recognition policy to encourage the employees to perform their best. The supervisors will also asses the improvement of the employees through performance improvement plan. Staff complaint and conflict resolution policy In case of any conflict and/or complaint, the employees must discuss it first with the supervisor within 5 working days of the date of the incident or conflict. If the problem does not get dissolved through discussion, the supervisor may advice the employee to give a written complaint to the higher authority (Currie et al. 2017). If the complaint is forwarded to the HR department, then the HR would take necessary actions. Company ethics policy Australian Hardware has business ethics policy regarding legal compliances, rules and regulations, security laws and insider trading. All the employees should follow the rules and regulations to avoid any kind of legal and social complications in the future. The laws are made in a manner that reflects the values of this company. The inside information should not be leaked at any cost. Hence, the employees are obliged to abide by all the rules and regulations regarding the company policies and securities law (Valentine, Fleischman and Godkin 2015). Failing to do so, the employees will be penalized. Encouraging and maintaining effective and harmonious workplace relationships All the employees are obliged to maintain an effective and harmonious relationship in the workplace. The higher authority provides opportunity for the employees to build a harmonious environment by organizing various events and encourage a good healthy working relationship among the employees. Everyone should cooperate and coordinate with each other and thereby promote a harmonious environment. References Bond, M.A. and Haynes, M.C., 2014. Workplace diversity: A socialecological framework and policy implications.Social Issues and Policy Review,8(1), pp.167-201. Currie, D., Gormley, T., Roche, B. and Teague, P., 2017. The management of workplace conflict: Contrasting pathways in the HRM literature.International Journal of Management Reviews,19(4), pp.492-509. Karanges, E., Johnston, K., Beatson, A. and Lings, I., 2015. The influence of internal communication on employee engagement: A pilot study.Public Relations Review,41(1), pp.129-131. Valentine, S., Fleischman, G. and Godkin, L., 2015. Rogues in the ranks of selling organizations: Using corporate ethics to manage workplace bullying and job satisfaction.Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management,35(2), pp.143-163.